Article abstract

Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research

Research Article | Published Septemeber 2018 | Volume 6, Issue 4, pp. 79-87

 

Evaluation of oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. progenies for Fusarium wilt tolerance using African countries Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis

 


 

 

Chidi N. I.1, 2

Adekunle A. A.2

Eziashi E. I.1*

Samuel T. O.2

 

Email Author

 

1.     Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Plant Pathology Division, P.M.B. 1030, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.


2.     Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria.


……....…...………..........................…………....………............…............……...........……........................................................………...……..…....……....…

Citation: Chidi NI, Adekunle AA, Eziashi EI, Samuel TO (2018). Evaluation of oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. progenies for Fusarium wilt tolerance using African countries Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis. J. Agric. Crop Res. 6(4): 79-87.

……....…...………..........................…………....………............…............……...........……........................................................………...……..…....……....…

 Abstract 


Evaluation of oil palm progenies for Fusarium wilt tolerance using West African Fusarium oxysporium f, sp. elaedis had been studied. The objective of the study was to determine the pathogenicity of F. oxysporium species on oil palm progenies. The results revealed that some F. oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis species were virulent to some oil palm progenies and not to few progeny seedlings. The highest mean of initial height was recorded by progeny 7 with 24.97 in F. oxysporium 1, while the least mean was 17.29 in F. oxysporium 13. The highest mean final height was recorded by progeny 5 with 78.67 in F. oxysporium 4, while the least mean final height was 36.78 also in F. oxysporium 4 by progeny 1. The highest mean initial height of control treatment was 20.35, while the least mean was 19.04. The highest mean final height of control treatment was 70.47 while the least mean was 63.56. The F – statistics of the initial and final heights indicated that all the progenies were significantly different from the control treatment. The initial height of different progenies showed that the seedlings had similar height measurements pre inoculation. However, the final height of different progenies showed that they all responded to fertilizer application, although there were variations in final height measurements at post inoculation when compared with the control treatment. After forty days of post inoculation, there were no visible external and internal symptoms on the seedlings. From fifty to Sixty days post inoculation; external symptoms of vascular disease began to appear. Post inoculation also shows high level aggressiveness of isolate 4 as well as the ability to colonize the roots and shoot of the seedlings. The seedlings infected with F. oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis showed yellowish colour, stunted growth, loss of vigour, chlorosis and necrosis. Bole discoloration was seen in the internal tissue, as a clear symptom and indication of Fusarium wilt disease. The control treatment seedlings distinguished itself with normal height and creamy bole colour when compared with the infected seedlings. The ability of Fusarium species to cause infection indicates virulence, while different progenies showed different degrees of susceptibility and tolerance. F. oxysporium 4 exhibited high virulence when compared with other Fusarium species.

Keywords  Fusarium   pathogenicity   progenies   oil palm   symptom  

 

 

Copyright © 2018 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.

This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

 

 

  References 

 

Adengboye FO (1976). A wilt disorder of nursery seedlings. NIFOR Twelfth Annual Report, p. 51.

Basiron Y (2007). Palm oil production through sustainable plantations. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109:289-295.

Dakwa JT, Afrim KB (1995). Fusarium wilt of oil palm in Ghana. Joint 15th Biennial Conference of the West African Science Association and 19th Biennial Conference of Ghana science Association. University of Cape coast, Cape coast, Ghana. September 18-22. p.103.

De Vries SC, Van De Ven GW, Van Ittersum MK, Giller KE (2010). Resource use efficiency and environmental performance of nine major biofuel crops, processed by first-generation conversion techniques. Biomass Bioenergy, 34:588-601.

Fraselle JV (1951). Fusarium oxysporium Schl. f. as the cause of vascular wilt of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Transactions of the Brit. Mycol. Society 34:492-496.

Godswill NN, Madi G, Nyaka NA, Nsimi MA, Epoh NT, Kato SN, Lum AF, Ngando EGF (2015). Vascular Wilt Disease Tolerance Status of Some Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Progenies in Relation to Local Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis in Cameroon. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol. 2(8):111-122.

Göksel Ö, Bayraktar H (2015). Intraspecific Variation within Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini from Cuminum cyminum in Turkey. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 17:375-380.

Hefny M, Attaa S, Bayoumi V, Ammar SH, El-Bramawy M (2012). Breeding Maize for Resistance to Ear Rot Caused by Fusarium moniliforme. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 15:78-84.

Odigie EE (1994). Studies on the organisms causing seedling blight disease of oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Ph.d. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry. University of Ibadan. Nigeria. p. 33.

Oritsejafor JJ (1989). Status of the oil palm vascular wilt disease in Nigeria. In: NIFOR, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference of Palms and Palm Products. Nigerian Institute of Oil Palm Research: Benin City, Nigeria pp. 401-413.

Renard JL, de Franqueville H, Diabate S, Ouvrier M (1993). Study of the impact of vascular wilt on FFB production in oil palm. Oléagineux48:495-504.

Rival A, Levang P (2014). Palms of controversy: oil palm and development challenges. Bogor, Indonesia: Cifor. ISBN 978-602-1504-41-3.

SisÏić A, Baćanović-SÏisÏić J, Karlovsky P, Wittwer R, Walder F, Campiglia E, Radicetti E, Friberg H, Baresel JP, Finckh MR. (2018). Roots of symptom-free leguminous cover crop and living mulch species harbor diverse Fusarium communities that show highly variable aggressiveness on pea (Pisum sativum). PLoSONE, 13(2):e0191969.

Tengoua FF, Bakoumé C (2008). Pathogenicity of Cameroon strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Elaeidis – the causal agent of oil palm vascular wilt. The Planter, 84(985):233-237.

Tengoua FF (1994). Project STD3 Fusariose. Rapport bilan de la prospection de la maladie dans les palmeraies du Cameroun. Ekona: Ekona Regional Research Centre. p. 15.

Tengoua FF (2003). Rapport du diagnostic d’approfondissement sur la recherché des causes de la pourriture des regimes sur le palmier a huile dans la province de l’Quest.Ekona: Ekona Regional Research Centre. p. 6.

Tagoe SMA (1995). Reaction of some oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Tenera Progenies to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis Causal Agent of Vascular Wilt Disease of oil palm. Master of Philosophy thesis, University of Ghana, Legon. p.161.

Rusli MH, Idris AS, Cooper RM (2015). Evaluation of Malaysian oil palm progenies for susceptibility, resistance or tolerance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis and defence-related gene expression in roots. Plant Pathol. 64:638-647.