Article abstract

Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research

Research Article | Published August 2019 | Volume 7, Issue 8, pp. 137-147.

doi: https://doi.org/10.33495/jacr_v7i8.19.134

 

The effects of dietary replacement with extruded whole plant forage corn silage on gestation and lactation performances of sow and litter

 



 

 

Ruey-Chee Weng

 

Email Author
Tel: +886-8-7703202-6287.

 

Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, Republic of China.





……....…...………..........................…………....………............…............……...........……........................................................………...……..…....……....…

Citation: Weng R (2019). The effects of dietary replacement with extruded whole plant forage corn silage on gestation and lactation performances of sow and litter. J. Agric. Crop Res. 7(8): 137-147.

……....…...………..........................…………....………............…............……...........……........................................................………...……..…....……....…

 Abstract 


The search for useful resources locally produced for livestock is an attempt of urgency, particularly in the wake of high grain price and high demands of reducing global warming potential. Despite its negative impact on performances, increasing attention has been paid to dietary fiber in monogastric animals’ nutrition due to its multiple functionalities, especially in sow diets. In the experiment, a total of 48 Yorkshire cross with Landrace (YL) hybrid sows were fed with dry matter base of 0, 15, 30 and 50% extruded whole-plant forage corn silage (52.5% DM and 8.4% CP) replacement experimental diets during gestation and lactation. Sows were weighed, the backfat thickness was measured ultrasonically and jugular blood samples were collected from all sows. The results show that sows fed with corn silage replacer loss more body weight (P=0.015) and backfat thickness (p=0.024) during lactation. The 50% replacement sows took an average of 230.52 kg experimental rations during lactation (p<0.001). As can be seen, 50% replacement sows had a higher average daily feed intake of 8.23 kg during lactation. Although not significant statistically, it seemed that control, 15% and 30% replacement sows had better litter weight gain than 50% replacement sows. Sows fed with corn silage replacer tend to have lower total USFA before farrowing (P=0.044) but lower total SFA at weaning (P=0.004) whereas the control sows had the opposite condition. Serums C20:1, C22:1, C24:1 and C20:4 were not detected in late pregnancy for sows fed with corn silage replacer. However, they tend to have increasing concentrations of C22:5 and C22:6 as the replacement rate increases in late pregnancy and convert more body reserve to higher milk lipid contents. In conclusion, 30% sows’ dry matter replacement ration had the highest margins with extruded corn silage. This local resource is an effective approach to reduce feed cost significantly as well as to minimize carbon-foot prints of rations for pig production and increase voluntary feed intake in lactation sows.

Keywords  Dietary fiber   gestation   lactation   sow and litter performance   corn silage   extruder    

 

 

Copyright © 2019 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.

This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

 

 

  References 

 

Bindelle J, Leterme P, Buldgen A (2008). Nutritional and environmental consequences of dietary fibre in pig nutrition: a review. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 12(1):69-80. Close WH, Cole DJA (2000). Nutrition of Sows and Boars. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham. UK. pp. 181-204.

Courboulay V, Gaudré D (2002). Is it necessary to give fibrous diets to group-housed sows? J. Rech. Porcine. 34:225-232.

Dourmad JY, Etienne M, Noblet J (1996). Reconstitution of body reserves in multiparous sows during pregnancy: Effect of energy intake during pregnancy and mobilization during the previous lactation. J. Anim. Sci. 74:2211-2219.

Eissen JJ, Kanis E, Kemp B (2000). Sow factors affecting voluntary feed intake during lactation. Livest. Prod. Sci. 64:147-165.

Everts H (1991). The effect of feeding different sources of crude fiber during pregnancy on the reproductive performance of sows. Anim. Prod. 52:175-184.

Farmer C, Robert S, Matte JJ (1996). Lactation performance of sows fed a bulky diet during gestation and receiving growth hormone-releasing factor during lactation. J. Anim. Sci. 74:1298-1306.

Guillemet R, Guérin C, Richard F, Dourmad JY, Meunier-Salaün MC (2010). Feed transition between gestation and lactation is exhibited earlier in sows fed a high-fiber diet during gestation. J. Anim. Sci. 88:2637-2647.

Guillemet R, Dourmad JY, Meunier-Salaün MC (2006). Feeding behavior in primiparous lactating sows: Impact of a high-fiber diet during pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 84:2474-2481.

Holzgraefe DP, Jensen AH, Fahey Jr GC, and Grummer RR (1986). Effects of dietary alfalfa-orchard grass hay and lasalocid on sow reproductive performance. J. Anim. Sci. 62:1145-1153.

Jensen MB, Pedersen LJ, Theil PK, Yde CC, Bach Knudsen KE (2012). Feeding motivation and plasma metabolites in pregnant sows fed diets rich in dietary fiber either once or twice daily. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1910-1919.

Le Goff G, van Milgen J, Noblet J (2002). Influence of dietary fibre on digestive utilization and rate of passage in growing pigs, finishing pigs, and adult sows. Anim. Sci. 74:503-515.

Martinez-Puig D, Pérez JF, Castillo M, Andaluz A, Anguita M, Morales J, Gasa J (2003). Consumption of raw potato starch increases colon length and fecal excretion of purine bases in growing pigs. J. Nutr. 133 (1): 134-139.

Matte JJ, Robert S, Girard C L, Farmer C, Martineau GP (1994). Effect of bulky diets based on wheat bran or oat hulls on reproductive performance of sows during their first two parities. J. Anim. Sci. 72:1754-1760.

McGlone JJ, Fullwood SD (2001). Behavior, reproduction and immunity of crated pregnant gilts: Effects of high dietary fiber and rearing environment. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1466-1474.

Meunier-Salaün MC, Edwards SA, Robert S (2001). Effect of fibre on the behaviour and health of the restricted fed sow. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 90:53-69.

Meunier-Salaün MC, Bolhuis JE (2015). Hiber-Fiber feeding in gestation. In: The Gestation and Lactating Sow. Chantal Farmer (Eds.), Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers. pp. 95-116.

Noblet J, Dourmad JY, Etienne M (1990). Energy utilization in pregnant and lactating sows: Modeling of energy requirements. J. Anim. Sci. 68:562-572.

Pollmann DS, Danielson DM, Crenshaw MA, Peo Jr ER (1980). Long-term effects of dietary additions of alfalfa and tallow on sow reproductive performance. J. Anim. Sci. 51:294-299.

SAS (1989). SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 6. 4th edn. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.

Serena A, Jørgensen H, Bach Knudsen KE (2009). Absorption of carbohydrate-derived nutrients in sows as influenced by types and contents of dietary fiber. J. Anim. Sci. 87:136-147.

van der Peet-Schwering CMC, Kemp B, Binnendijk GP, den Hartog LA, Spoolder HAM, Verstegen MWA (2003). Performance of sows fed high levels of non-starch polysaccharides during gestation and lactation over three parities. J. Anim. Sci. 81:2247-2258.

Vestergaard EM, Danielsen V (1998). Dietary fiber for sows: Effects of large amounts of soluble and insoluble fibers in the pregnancy period on the performance of sows during three reproductive cycles. Anim. Sci. 68:355-362.

Veum TL, Crenshaw JD, Crenshaw TD, Cromwell GL, Easter RA, Ewan RC, Nelssen JL, Miller ER, Pettigrew JE, Ellersieck MR (2009). The addition of ground wheat straw as a fiber source in the gestation diet of sows and the effect on sow and litter performance for three successive parities. J. Anim. Sci. 87:1003-1012.