Comparative antifungal and toxicological effects of the extract of mistletoes growing on two different host plants in Akure North, Nigeria

 

Yusuf L.¹*, Oladunmoye M. K.¹, Ogundare A. O.¹, Mohmo A. O.¹ and Daudu O. A. Y.²

 

Research Article | Published February 2014

International Journal of Biotechnology and Food Science, Vol. 2(2), pp. 31-34

 

 

¹Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

²Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.

 

*Corresponding author. E-mail: yusuflam@yahoo.com.  Tel: +2438067551806.

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Antifungal property of methanolic-extract (60%) of mistletoe (Viscum album) leaves was screened on Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillium oxalium and Microsporum canis. The combined extract doses from the two host plants showed a better antifungal efficacy [Cocoa + Cola (1:3)] when compared with the standard antifungal agent used than the extract doses from individual host plant. The results of acute oral toxicity recorded the LD50 as 5.754 ± 452 mg kg−1 (oral dose) as it was interpolated from the probit vs. log-dose curve. The toxicological assay was carried out on albino rats orogastrically fed with the V. album extract for 14 days using paracetamol (2 mg/kg body weight) as positive control. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) activities of rat liver and serum were investigated and compared with the control, the activities of these liver enzyme biomarkers showed no significant difference (P < 0.05) for V. album growing on cocoa (1000 to 5000 mg/kg) but there was a corresponding significant increase in the serum enzymes (P < 0.05) for V. album growing on cola at 4000 and 5000 mg/kg doses. The results indicated that the methanolic extract of V. album leaves growing on cola (≥ 4000 mg/kg) has brought about induction of synthesis of the liver enzymes studied which is an important biochemical symptom of cytolysis.

 

Keywords: V. album, methanolic-extract, antifungal, toxicological assay, biomarkers, cytolysis.

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Citation: Yusuf L, Oladunmoye MK, Ogundare AO, Mohmo AO, Daudu OAY (2014). Comparative antifungal and toxicological effects of the extract of mistletoes growing on two different host plants in Akure North, Nigeria. Int. J. Biotechnol. Food Sci. 2(2): 31-34.

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